125 Warehouse Optimization jobs in Saudi Arabia

JASARA PMC is looking for a dedicated and skilled Manager of Reporting & Process Improvement to join our team. In this role, you will be responsible for overseeing the reporting functions, ensuring accurate data analysis, and driving process improvement initiatives across the organization to enhance operational efficiency.

As a Manager, you will work closely with various teams to identify areas for improvement and implement best practices in reporting and operational processes.

Responsibilities

1. Manage the reporting process to ensure accuracy and timeliness of data delivery.
2. Analyze data trends and provide actionable insights to support strategic decision-making.
3. Identify opportunities for process optimization to improve efficiency and quality.
4. Collaborate with stakeholders to gather reporting requirements and develop relevant documentation.
5. Lead projects aimed at enhancing reporting functionality and data integrity.
6. Stay updated with industry trends to ensure that JASARA implements the best practices in reporting and process management.
7. Provide training and support to team members regarding reporting tools and methodologies.

Minimum Requirements

1. Bachelor's degree in Business Administration, Analytics, or a related field.
2. Minimum of 5 years of experience in reporting, data analysis, or process improvement.
3. Strong analytical skills and attention to detail.
4. Proven experience in managing and leading teams.
5. Proficiency in reporting tools (e.g., Microsoft Excel, Power BI, or Tableau).
6. Excellent communication and interpersonal skills.
7. Understanding of construction or project management processes is a plus.
8. Project management certification is advantageous.

#J-18808-Ljbffr

JASARA PMC is looking for a dedicated and skilled Manager of Reporting & Process Improvement to join our team. In this role, you will be responsible for overseeing the reporting functions, ensuring accurate data analysis, and driving process improvement initiatives across the organization to enhance operational efficiency.

As a Manager, you will work closely with various teams to identify areas for improvement and implement best practices in reporting and operational processes.

Responsibilities

1. Manage the reporting process to ensure accuracy and timeliness of data delivery.
2. Analyze data trends and provide actionable insights to support strategic decision-making.
3. Identify opportunities for process optimization to improve efficiency and quality.
4. Collaborate with stakeholders to gather reporting requirements and develop relevant documentation.
5. Lead projects aimed at enhancing reporting functionality and data integrity.
6. Stay updated with industry trends to ensure that JASARA implements the best practices in reporting and process management.
7. Provide training and support to team members regarding reporting tools and methodologies.

Minimum Requirements

1. Bachelor's degree in Business Administration, Analytics, or a related field.
2. Minimum of 5 years of experience in reporting, data analysis, or process improvement.
3. Strong analytical skills and attention to detail.
4. Proven experience in managing and leading teams.
5. Proficiency in reporting tools (e.g., Microsoft Excel, Power BI, or Tableau).
6. Excellent communication and interpersonal skills.
7. Understanding of construction or project management processes is a plus.
8. Project management certification is advantageous.

#J-18808-Ljbffr

JASARA PMC is looking for a dedicated and skilled Manager of Reporting & Process Improvement to join our team. In this role, you will be responsible for overseeing the reporting functions, ensuring accurate data analysis, and driving process improvement initiatives across the organization to enhance operational efficiency.

As a Manager, you will work closely with various teams to identify areas for improvement and implement best practices in reporting and operational processes.

Responsibilities

1. Manage the reporting process to ensure accuracy and timeliness of data delivery.
2. Analyze data trends and provide actionable insights to support strategic decision-making.
3. Identify opportunities for process optimization to improve efficiency and quality.
4. Collaborate with stakeholders to gather reporting requirements and develop relevant documentation.
5. Lead projects aimed at enhancing reporting functionality and data integrity.
6. Stay updated with industry trends to ensure that JASARA implements the best practices in reporting and process management.
7. Provide training and support to team members regarding reporting tools and methodologies.

Minimum Requirements

1. Bachelor's degree in Business Administration, Analytics, or a related field.
2. Minimum of 5 years of experience in reporting, data analysis, or process improvement.
3. Strong analytical skills and attention to detail.
4. Proven experience in managing and leading teams.
5. Proficiency in reporting tools (e.g., Microsoft Excel, Power BI, or Tableau).
6. Excellent communication and interpersonal skills.
7. Understanding of construction or project management processes is a plus.
8. Project management certification is advantageous.

#J-18808-Ljbffr

Job Description

At Boeing, we innovate and collaborate to make the world a better place. We’re committed to fostering an environment for every teammate that’s welcoming, respectful and inclusive, with great opportunity for professional growth. Find your future with us.

Boeing Saudi Arabia is looking for a Supply Chain Specialist - Inventory Management to be based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .The on-site personnel will serve as Supply Chain Specialist - Inventory Management for the RAMP Program and provide support at the Boeing Warehouse for the 707 RAMP Program contract requirements. This role involves providing supply support inventory management services at Riyadh locations, including monitoring logistic systems performance, conducting research, and providing logistical assistance to support operational objectives.

Position Responsibilities:

The successful candidate will perform the following duties:

• Plan, commit, and control the deployment of resources in response to customer, program, and business requirements in conjunction with direction from the Project or Program Manager and BSA office.

• Lead the development, integration, implementation, and management of new or revised plans, strategies, or processes.

• Maintain status information of program and customer commitments and monitor compliance to plan.

• Interface with management throughout the Enterprise for coordination of status/tasks.

• Track inductions and provide status

• Perform technical research using Boeing, USAF, and RSAF technical publications, databases, and supply chain-related documents.

• Act as liaison between RSAF, USAF, and Boeing.

• Provide reporting to the Boeing Oklahoma (OKC) program office as required by the contract.

• Create, edit, and maintain electronic and written communication.

• Prepare reports, presentations, and flow charts.

• Process incoming and outgoing communication and correspondence to ensure proper dissemination of information.

• Coordinate with 707 RAMP Program leadership to gain approval. Collect, organize, and provide data according to established processes to maintain status of customer and supplier commitments and compliance.

• Participate in the receiving and dispatching process along with the 3PL supplier

• Verify the integrity of the inventory and supervise the supplier personnel.

• Monitor the logistic systems performance. Collaborate with company organizations to identify and resolve system issues.

• Conduct research and provide logistical assistance to support operational objectives.

• Assist in researching, identifying, and resolving Repair pipeline inventory discrepancies.

• Perform any other tasks requested by management.

Basic Qualifications (Required Skills/Experience)

• Diploma in Supply Chain/ or Mechanic

• Minimum of 3 years of relevant work experience in Supply Chain management

• Fluency in Arabic and English

Preferred Qualifications (Desired Skills/Experience)

• 2+ years of experience communicating and interacting with a customer or supplier

• Previous experience supporting military Customers is beneficial

This requisition is for an international, locally hired position in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Benefits and pay are determined at the local level and are not part of Boeing U.S.-based payroll and will commensurate with experience and qualifications and in accordance with applicable Saudi law. Employment is subject to the candidate's ability to satisfy all Saudi labor and immigration formalities.

Applications for this position will be accepted until Aug. 15, 2025

Export Control Requirements: This is not an Export Control position.

Education

High School Diploma or Equivalent Required

Relocation

Relocation assistance is not a negotiable benefit for this position.

Visa Sponsorship

Employer will not sponsor applicants for employment visa status.

Shift

Not a Shift Worker (Saudi Arabia)

Equal Opportunity Employer:

We are an equal opportunity employer. We do not accept unlawful discrimination in our recruitment or employment practices on any grounds including but not limited to; race, color, ethnicity, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, physical or mental disability, genetic factors, military and veteran status, or other characteristics covered by applicable law.

We have teams in more than 65 countries, and each person plays a role in helping us become one of the world’s most innovative, diverse and inclusive companies. We are proud members of the Valuable 500 and welcome applications from candidates with disabilities. Applicants are encouraged to share with our recruitment team any accommodations required during the recruitment process. Accommodations may include but are not limited to: conducting interviews in accessible locations that accommodate mobility needs, encouraging candidates to bring and use any existing assistive technology such as screen readers and offering flexible interview formats such as virtual or phone interviews.

#J-18808-Ljbffr

Supply Chain Specialist – Inventory Management

Join to apply for the Supply Chain Specialist – Inventory Management role at Boeing .

Job Description

At Boeing, we innovate and collaborate to make the world a better place. We’re committed to fostering an environment for every teammate that’s welcoming, respectful, and inclusive, with great opportunities for professional growth. Find your future with us.

Boeing Saudi Arabia is looking for a Supply Chain Specialist - Inventory Management based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia . The on-site personnel will serve as Supply Chain Specialist - Inventory Management for the RAMP Program, supporting logistics at the Boeing Warehouse for the 707 RAMP Program contract requirements. Responsibilities include providing supply support, monitoring logistic systems, conducting research, and assisting operational objectives.

Position Responsibilities:

• Plan, commit, and control resource deployment based on customer, program, and business needs, under guidance from the Project or Program Manager and BSA office.
• Develop, implement, and manage new or revised plans, strategies, or processes.
• Maintain status updates on program and customer commitments, ensuring compliance.
• Coordinate with management across the enterprise for status updates and task management.
• Track inductions and provide status reports.
• Conduct technical research using Boeing, USAF, and RSAF publications and databases.
• Act as liaison between RSAF, USAF, and Boeing.
• Provide reports to the Boeing Oklahoma program office as required.
• Create and maintain electronic and written communications, reports, presentations, and flow charts.
• Manage incoming and outgoing communications to ensure proper dissemination.
• Coordinate with 707 RAMP Program leadership for approvals and data collection.
• Participate in receiving and dispatching processes with 3PL suppliers.
• Verify inventory integrity and supervise supplier personnel.
• Monitor logistic system performance and resolve system issues.
• Research and support operational logistics objectives.
• Assist in resolving Repair pipeline inventory discrepancies.
• Perform additional tasks as assigned by management.

Basic Qualifications:

• High School Diploma or equivalent.
• Diploma in Supply Chain or Mechanics preferred.
• At least 3 years of relevant supply chain management experience.
• Fluent in Arabic and English.

Preferred Qualifications:

• Over 2 years of experience interacting with customers or suppliers.
• Experience supporting military customers is advantageous.

This position is based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, with benefits determined locally. Employment is contingent upon compliance with Saudi labor and immigration laws. Applications are accepted until August 15, 2025.

Additional Information:

• This is not an Export Control position.
• High School Diploma or equivalent required.
• No relocation assistance or visa sponsorship available.
• Not a shift work position.
• We are an equal opportunity employer committed to diversity and inclusion, welcoming applications from candidates with disabilities.

#J-18808-Ljbffr

Job Description

At Boeing, we innovate and collaborate to make the world a better place. We’re committed to fostering an environment for every teammate that’s welcoming, respectful and inclusive, with great opportunity for professional growth. Find your future with us.

Boeing Saudi Arabia is looking for a Supply Chain Specialist - Inventory Management to be based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .The on-site personnel will serve as Supply Chain Specialist - Inventory Management for the RAMP Program and provide support at the Boeing Warehouse for the 707 RAMP Program contract requirements. This role involves providing supply support inventory management services at Riyadh locations, including monitoring logistic systems performance, conducting research, and providing logistical assistance to support operational objectives.

Position Responsibilities:

The successful candidate will perform the following duties:

• Plan, commit, and control the deployment of resources in response to customer, program, and business requirements in conjunction with direction from the Project or Program Manager and BSA office.

• Lead the development, integration, implementation, and management of new or revised plans, strategies, or processes.

• Maintain status information of program and customer commitments and monitor compliance to plan.

• Interface with management throughout the Enterprise for coordination of status/tasks.

• Track inductions and provide status

• Perform technical research using Boeing, USAF, and RSAF technical publications, databases, and supply chain-related documents.

• Act as liaison between RSAF, USAF, and Boeing.

• Provide reporting to the Boeing Oklahoma (OKC) program office as required by the contract.

• Create, edit, and maintain electronic and written communication.

• Prepare reports, presentations, and flow charts.

• Process incoming and outgoing communication and correspondence to ensure proper dissemination of information.

• Coordinate with 707 RAMP Program leadership to gain approval. Collect, organize, and provide data according to established processes to maintain status of customer and supplier commitments and compliance.

• Participate in the receiving and dispatching process along with the 3PL supplier

• Verify the integrity of the inventory and supervise the supplier personnel.

• Monitor the logistic systems performance. Collaborate with company organizations to identify and resolve system issues.

• Conduct research and provide logistical assistance to support operational objectives.

• Assist in researching, identifying, and resolving Repair pipeline inventory discrepancies.

• Perform any other tasks requested by management.

Basic Qualifications (Required Skills/Experience)

• Diploma in Supply Chain/ or Mechanic

• Minimum of 3 years of relevant work experience in Supply Chain management

• Fluency in Arabic and English

Preferred Qualifications (Desired Skills/Experience)

• 2+ years of experience communicating and interacting with a customer or supplier

• Previous experience supporting military Customers is beneficial

This requisition is for an international, locally hired position in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Benefits and pay are determined at the local level and are not part of Boeing U.S.-based payroll and will commensurate with experience and qualifications and in accordance with applicable Saudi law. Employment is subject to the candidate's ability to satisfy all Saudi labor and immigration formalities.

Applications for this position will be accepted until Aug. 15, 2025

Export Control Requirements: This is not an Export Control position.

Education

High School Diploma or Equivalent Required

Relocation

Relocation assistance is not a negotiable benefit for this position.

Visa Sponsorship

Employer will not sponsor applicants for employment visa status.

Shift

Not a Shift Worker (Saudi Arabia)

Equal Opportunity Employer:

We are an equal opportunity employer. We do not accept unlawful discrimination in our recruitment or employment practices on any grounds including but not limited to; race, color, ethnicity, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, physical or mental disability, genetic factors, military and veteran status, or other characteristics covered by applicable law.

We have teams in more than 65 countries, and each person plays a role in helping us become one of the world’s most innovative, diverse and inclusive companies. We are proud members of the Valuable 500 and welcome applications from candidates with disabilities. Applicants are encouraged to share with our recruitment team any accommodations required during the recruitment process. Accommodations may include but are not limited to: conducting interviews in accessible locations that accommodate mobility needs, encouraging candidates to bring and use any existing assistive technology such as screen readers and offering flexible interview formats such as virtual or phone interviews.

#J-18808-Ljbffr

Job Description

At Boeing, we innovate and collaborate to make the world a better place. We're committed to fostering an environment for every teammate that's welcoming, respectful and inclusive, with great opportunity for professional growth. Find your future with us.

Boeing Saudi Arabia is looking for a Supply Chain Specialist - Inventory Management to be based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .The on-site personnel will serve as Supply Chain Specialist - Inventory Management for the RAMP Program and provide support at the Boeing Warehouse for the 707 RAMP Program contract requirements. This role involves providing supply support inventory management services at Riyadh locations, including monitoring logistic systems performance, conducting research, and providing logistical assistance to support operational objectives.

Position Responsibilities:

The successful candidate will perform the following duties:

• Plan, commit, and control the deployment of resources in response to customer, program, and business requirements in conjunction with direction from the Project or Program Manager and BSA office.

• Lead the development, integration, implementation, and management of new or revised plans, strategies, or processes.

• Maintain status information of program and customer commitments and monitor compliance to plan.

• Interface with management throughout the Enterprise for coordination of status/tasks.

• Track inductions and provide status

• Perform technical research using Boeing, USAF, and RSAF technical publications, databases, and supply chain-related documents.

• Act as liaison between RSAF, USAF, and Boeing.

• Provide reporting to the Boeing Oklahoma (OKC) program office as required by the contract.

• Create, edit, and maintain electronic and written communication.

• Prepare reports, presentations, and flow charts.

• Process incoming and outgoing communication and correspondence to ensure proper dissemination of information.

• Coordinate with 707 RAMP Program leadership to gain approval. Collect, organize, and provide data according to established processes to maintain status of customer and supplier commitments and compliance.

• Participate in the receiving and dispatching process along with the 3PL supplier

• Verify the integrity of the inventory and supervise the supplier personnel.

• Monitor the logistic systems performance. Collaborate with company organizations to identify and resolve system issues.

• Conduct research and provide logistical assistance to support operational objectives.

• Assist in researching, identifying, and resolving Repair pipeline inventory discrepancies.

• Perform any other tasks requested by management.

Basic Qualifications (Required Skills/Experience)

• Diploma in Supply Chain/ or Mechanic

• Minimum of 3 years of relevant work experience in Supply Chain management

• Fluency in Arabic and English

Preferred Qualifications (Desired Skills/Experience)

• 2+ years of experience communicating and interacting with a customer or supplier

• Previous experience supporting military Customers is beneficial

This requisition is for an international, locally hired position in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Benefits and pay are determined at the local level and are not part of Boeing U.S.-based payroll and will commensurate with experience and qualifications and in accordance with applicable Saudi law. Employment is subject to the candidate's ability to satisfy all Saudi labor and immigration formalities.

Applications for this position will be accepted until Aug. 15, 2025

Export Control Requirements: This is not an Export Control position.

Education

High School Diploma or Equivalent Required

Relocation

Relocation assistance is not a negotiable benefit for this position.

Visa Sponsorship

Employer will not sponsor applicants for employment visa status.

Shift

Not a Shift Worker (Saudi Arabia)

Equal Opportunity Employer:

We are an equal opportunity employer. We do not accept unlawful discrimination in our recruitment or employment practices on any grounds including but not limited to; race, color, ethnicity, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, physical or mental disability, genetic factors, military and veteran status, or other characteristics covered by applicable law.

We have teams in more than 65 countries, and each person plays a role in helping us become one of the world's most innovative, diverse and inclusive companies. We are proud members of the Valuable 500 and welcome applications from candidates with disabilities. Applicants are encouraged to share with our recruitment team any accommodations required during the recruitment process. Accommodations may include but are not limited to: conducting interviews in accessible locations that accommodate mobility needs, encouraging candidates to bring and use any existing assistive technology such as screen readers and offering flexible interview formats such as virtual or phone interviews.

Supply Chain Specialist - Inventory Management

Join to apply for the Supply Chain Specialist - Inventory Management role at Boeing .

Job Description

At Boeing, we innovate and collaborate to make the world a better place. We're committed to fostering an environment for every teammate that's welcoming, respectful, and inclusive, with great opportunities for professional growth. Find your future with us.

Boeing Saudi Arabia is looking for a Supply Chain Specialist - Inventory Management based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia . The on-site personnel will serve as Supply Chain Specialist - Inventory Management for the RAMP Program, supporting logistics at the Boeing Warehouse for the 707 RAMP Program contract requirements. Responsibilities include providing supply support, monitoring logistic systems, conducting research, and assisting operational objectives.

Position Responsibilities:

• Plan, commit, and control resource deployment based on customer, program, and business needs, under guidance from the Project or Program Manager and BSA office.
• Develop, implement, and manage new or revised plans, strategies, or processes.
• Maintain status updates on program and customer commitments, ensuring compliance.
• Coordinate with management across the enterprise for status updates and task management.
• Track inductions and provide status reports.
• Conduct technical research using Boeing, USAF, and RSAF publications and databases.
• Act as liaison between RSAF, USAF, and Boeing.
• Provide reports to the Boeing Oklahoma program office as required.
• Create and maintain electronic and written communications, reports, presentations, and flow charts.
• Manage incoming and outgoing communications to ensure proper dissemination.
• Coordinate with 707 RAMP Program leadership for approvals and data collection.
• Participate in receiving and dispatching processes with 3PL suppliers.
• Verify inventory integrity and supervise supplier personnel.
• Monitor logistic system performance and resolve system issues.
• Research and support operational logistics objectives.
• Assist in resolving Repair pipeline inventory discrepancies.
• Perform additional tasks as assigned by management.

Basic Qualifications:

• High School Diploma or equivalent.
• Diploma in Supply Chain or Mechanics preferred.
• At least 3 years of relevant supply chain management experience.
• Fluent in Arabic and English.

Preferred Qualifications:

• Over 2 years of experience interacting with customers or suppliers.
• Experience supporting military customers is advantageous.

This position is based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, with benefits determined locally. Employment is contingent upon compliance with Saudi labor and immigration laws. Applications are accepted until August 15, 2025.

Additional Information:

• This is not an Export Control position.
• High School Diploma or equivalent required.
• No relocation assistance or visa sponsorship available.
• Not a shift work position.
• We are an equal opportunity employer committed to diversity and inclusion, welcoming applications from candidates with disabilities.

**Job Description**
At Boeing, we innovate and collaborate to make the world a better place. We're committed to fostering an environment for every teammate that's welcoming, respectful and inclusive, with great opportunity for professional growth. Find your future with us.
Boeing Saudi Arabia is looking for a **Supply Chain Specialist - Inventory Management** to be based in **Riyadh, Saudi Arabia** . The on-site personnel will serve as Supply Chain Specialist - Inventory Management for the RAMP Program and provide support at the Boeing Warehouse for the 707 RAMP Program contract requirements. This role involves providing supply support inventory management services at Riyadh locations, including monitoring logistic systems performance, conducting research, and providing logistical assistance to support operational objectives.
**Position Responsibilities:**
The successful candidate will perform the following duties:
+ Plan, commit, and control the deployment of resources in response to customer, program, and business requirements in conjunction with direction from the Project or Program Manager and BSA office.
+ Lead the development, integration, implementation, and management of new or revised plans, strategies, or processes.
+ Maintain status information of program and customer commitments and monitor compliance to plan.
+ Interface with management throughout the Enterprise for coordination of status/tasks.
+ Track inductions and provide status
+ Perform technical research using Boeing, USAF, and RSAF technical publications, databases, and supply chain-related documents.
+ Act as liaison between RSAF, USAF, and Boeing.
+ Provide reporting to the Boeing Oklahoma (OKC) program office as required by the contract.
+ Create, edit, and maintain electronic and written communication.
+ Prepare reports, presentations, and flow charts.
+ Process incoming and outgoing communication and correspondence to ensure proper dissemination of information.
+ Coordinate with 707 RAMP Program leadership to gain approval. Collect, organize, and provide data according to established processes to maintain status of customer and supplier commitments and compliance.
+ Participate in the receiving and dispatching process along with the 3PL supplier
+ Verify the integrity of the inventory and supervise the supplier personnel.
+ Monitor the logistic systems performance. Collaborate with company organizations to identify and resolve system issues.
+ Conduct research and provide logistical assistance to support operational objectives.
+ Assist in researching, identifying, and resolving Repair pipeline inventory discrepancies.
+ Perform any other tasks requested by management.
**Basic Qualifications (Required Skills/Experience)**
+ Diploma in Supply Chain/ or Mechanic
+ Minimum of 3 years of relevant work experience in Supply Chain management
+ Fluency in Arabic and English
**Preferred Qualifications (Desired Skills/Experience)**
+ 2+ years of experience communicating and interacting with a customer or supplier
+ Previous experience supporting military Customers is beneficial?
This requisition is for an international, locally hired position in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Benefits and pay are determined at the local level and are not part of Boeing U.S.-based payroll and will commensurate with experience and qualifications and in accordance with applicable Saudi law. Employment is subject to the candidate's ability to satisfy all Saudi labor and immigration formalities.
Applications for this position will be accepted until **Aug. 15, 2025**
**Export Control Requirements:** This is not an Export Control position.
**Education**
High School Diploma or Equivalent Required
**Relocation**
Relocation assistance is not a negotiable benefit for this position.
**Visa Sponsorship**
Employer will not sponsor applicants for employment visa status.
**Shift**
Not a Shift Worker (Saudi Arabia)
**Equal Opportunity Employer:**
We are an equal opportunity employer. We do not accept unlawful discrimination in our recruitment or employment practices on any grounds including but not limited to; race, color, ethnicity, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, physical or mental disability, genetic factors, military and veteran status, or other characteristics covered by applicable law.
We have teams in more than 65 countries, and each person plays a role in helping us become one of the world's most innovative, diverse and inclusive companies. We are proud members of the Valuable 500 ( and welcome applications from candidates with disabilities. Applicants are encouraged to share with our recruitment team any accommodations required during the recruitment process. Accommodations may include but are not limited to: conducting interviews in accessible locations that accommodate mobility needs, encouraging candidates to bring and use any existing assistive technology such as screen readers and offering flexible interview formats such as virtual or phone interviews.
Boeing is an Equal Opportunity Employer. Employment decisions are made without regard to race, color, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, physical or mental disability, genetic factors, military/veteran status or other characteristics protected by law.